Comparative Evaluation of Lipid Profile and Inflammation for prediction of Cardiac Medical Complications and Handling

Background:Cardiovascular complications are predominant cause of global morbidity and mortality, dyslipidemia and inflammation representing critical risk factors contributing to their prevalence. Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine the Lipid Profile levels and inflammatory biomarkers as risk predictors for the cardiac complications and also to compare the clinical results of patients with normal and abnormal lipid profile. Methodology: The present study was A case-control study conducted over 12 months involving 400 patients who were selected and divided into two groups. Group- A with normal lipid profile and Group B with dyslipidaemia. The biomarkers for Serum lipid profiles were included blood serum levels of LDL, HDL, triglycerides, Cholesterol and for inflammations, CRP and IL-6 were tested. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 27.0 using paired and independent t-tests, MANOVA, and Pearson correlation statistical tests.p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Group B showed a high percentage of cardiac complications 28 % as compared to group A with only 10% of complications (p<0.01). It was found that LDL-C, HDL-C, and CRP are the good predictors of cardiac events. There was a decrease in LDL-C in Group B (p < 0.001) after statin treatment; however, the inflammatory markers were still high in Group B, which implies that they still posed cardiovascular risk. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed positive correlation between increased CRP and cardiac complications and increased LDL-C and cardiac complications; r= 0. 62; r = 0. 57 respectively. Conclusion: High LDL-C, low HDL-C and high CRP values serve as accurate indicators of cardiac diseases. Although, implementation of lipid-lowering therapy successfully lowered the LDL-C level, persistent inflammation was a factor that maintained cardiovascular risk.