The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey

The evolution of the cluster mass function traces the growth of linear density perturbations, providing valuable insights into the growth of structures, the nature of dark matter, and the cosmological parameters governing the Universe. The primary science goal of eROSITA, on board the Spectrum Roentgen Gamma (SRG) mission, is to constrain cosmology through the evolution of the cluster mass function. In this paper, we present a set of cosmological constraints obtained from 5259 clusters of galaxies detected over an area of 12791 deg 2 in the western Galactic hemisphere of eROSITA’s first All-Sky Survey (eRASS1). The common footprint region (4968 deg 2 ) between the eROSITA Survey and Dark Energy Survey (DES), the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS), and the Hyper Supreme Camera (HSC) survey is used for calibration of the scaling between X-ray count rate of the clusters and their total mass through measurements of their weak gravitational lensing signal. The eRASS1 cluster abundances constrain the ΛCDM parameters, namely, the energy density of the total matter to Ω m = 0.29 −0.02 +0.01 and the normalization of the density fluctuations to σ 8 = 0.88 ± 0.02, and their combination yields S 8 = σ 8 (Ω m /0.3) 0.5 = 0.86 ± 0.01. These results are consistent and achieve at a similar precision with state-of-the-art cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements. Furthermore, the eRASS1 cosmological experiment places a most stringent upper limit on the summed masses of left-handed light neutrinos to ∑ m v < 0.43 eV (95% confidence interval) from cluster number counts alone. By combining eRASS1 cluster abundance measurements with CMB- and ground-based neutrino oscillation experiments, we measured the summed neutrino masses to be ∑ m v = 0.09 −0.02 +0.04 eV or ∑ m v = 0.12 −0.02 +0.03 eV, assuming a normal or inverted mass hierarchy scenario for neutrino eigenstates. The eRASS1 cluster abundances significantly improve the constraints on the dark energy equation of state parameter to w = −1.12 ± 0.12. When ∑ m v and w are left free, we find consistent results with the concordance ΛCDM cosmology. Our results from the first All-Sky Survey improve the cosmological constraints by over a factor of 5 to 9 over the previous cluster surveys, establishing cluster abundance measurements for precision cosmology and setting the stage for deeper eROSITA All-Sky Surveys, as well as for future cluster abundance experiments.

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Journal
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published
2024-09-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348852
Citations
92
Primary Topic
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
30.50

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article

The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey

Y. E. Bahar, Roland Gaida, P. Predehl, Ang Liu et al.
92 citations
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
30.50
article

The SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey

Y. E. Bahar, Roland Gaida, P. Predehl, Ang Liu, Xiaoyuan Zhang, G. Lamer, Xiangchong Li, I-Non Tim Chiu, Chandreyee Maitra, Teng Liu, V. Ghirardini, K. Dennerl, D. Gruen, S. Grandis, T. Schrabback, Walter Kink, T. H. Reiprich, S. Mueller, N. Clerc, Satoshi Miyazaki, E. Artis, Diogo Coutinho, C. Garrel, J. Robrade, R. Seppi, Johan Comparat, Matthias Kluge, H. Brunner, Frank Balzer, Norbert Meidinger, Sven Krippendorf, Hironao Miyatake, A. Guéguen, W. Bornemann, Nobuhiro Okabe, Florian Kleinebreil, F. Pacaud, K. Nandra, Miriam E. Ramos-Ceja, M. J. Freyberg, J. S. Sanders, A. Merloni, F. Haberl, Esra Bülbül, V. Burwitz, S. Friedrich, S. Zelmer, A. Schwope, I. M. Stewart
article en
92 citations

Abstract

The evolution of the cluster mass function traces the growth of linear density perturbations, providing valuable insights into the growth of structures, the nature of dark matter, and the cosmological parameters governing the Universe. The primary science goal of eROSITA, on board the Spectrum Roentgen Gamma (SRG) mission, is to constrain cosmology through the evolution of the cluster mass function. In this paper, we present a set of cosmological constraints obtained from 5259 clusters of galaxies detected over an area of 12791 deg 2 in the western Galactic hemisphere of eROSITA’s first All-Sky Survey (eRASS1). The common footprint region (4968 deg 2 ) between the eROSITA Survey and Dark Energy Survey (DES), the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS), and the Hyper Supreme Camera (HSC) survey is used for calibration of the scaling between X-ray count rate of the clusters and their total mass through measurements of their weak gravitational lensing signal. The eRASS1 cluster abundances constrain the ΛCDM parameters, namely, the energy density of the total matter to Ω m = 0.29 −0.02 +0.01 and the normalization of the density fluctuations to σ 8 = 0.88 ± 0.02, and their combination yields S 8 = σ 8 (Ω m /0.3) 0.5 = 0.86 ± 0.01. These results are consistent and achieve at a similar precision with state-of-the-art cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements. Furthermore, the eRASS1 cosmological experiment places a most stringent upper limit on the summed masses of left-handed light neutrinos to ∑ m v < 0.43 eV (95% confidence interval) from cluster number counts alone. By combining eRASS1 cluster abundance measurements with CMB- and ground-based neutrino oscillation experiments, we measured the summed neutrino masses to be ∑ m v = 0.09 −0.02 +0.04 eV or ∑ m v = 0.12 −0.02 +0.03 eV, assuming a normal or inverted mass hierarchy scenario for neutrino eigenstates. The eRASS1 cluster abundances significantly improve the constraints on the dark energy equation of state parameter to w = −1.12 ± 0.12. When ∑ m v and w are left free, we find consistent results with the concordance ΛCDM cosmology. Our results from the first All-Sky Survey improve the cosmological constraints by over a factor of 5 to 9 over the previous cluster surveys, establishing cluster abundance measurements for precision cosmology and setting the stage for deeper eROSITA All-Sky Surveys, as well as for future cluster abundance experiments.

Astronomy and AstrophysicsVol. 689
Hiroshima University (JP), Obayashi (Japan) (JP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (FR), University of Bonn (DE), Universität Hamburg (DE), Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (JP), Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées (FR), Universität Innsbruck (AT), Subaru (Japan) (JP), Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (DE), Nagoya University Hospital (JP), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (DE), Stuttgart Observatory (DE), Hamburger Fern-Hochschule (DE), National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (JP), Nagoya University (JP), The University of Tokyo (JP), Carnegie Mellon University (US), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE), National Cheng Kung University (TW)
Princeton University, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Academia Sinica, Cabinet Office, Government of Japan, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Science and Technology Council, Toray Science Foundation, European Research Council, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan Science and Technology Agency
Openalex Percentile: Top 0%
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
30.50
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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