The study of Thai herbal plant extract as a potential therapeutic food ingredientfor preventing the effects of airborne pollutants via in vitro model

Thai herbal plant is known as medicinal plant material for several treatments of diseases particularly non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This work aimed to investigate the potentiality of three plant extracts, including Bat flower (TCE), Vietnamese Coriander (POE), and Indian Pennywort (Centell), which can be a therapeutic food ingredient, in the protection of blood vessels caused by the effect of airborne through the in vitro model. The vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC), A7r5 rat aortic cell, was used for cell culture and determined their activity after being treated with dust and plant extracts at different concentrations. The dust was prepared at 0-400 μg/mL, and the plant extracts were prepared as powder by freeze dryer before further use. The toxicity test, antioxidant activity, and cell apoptosis as well as wound healing properties were examined. The results showed the POE was highest the antioxidant activity (TPC: 1156.02±35.78 mg gallic acid/g sample and DPPH: 949.45±31.97 μmol Trolox/g sample) when compared to TCE and Centell (p<0.05). The maximum concentration of plant extracts treated cells was not over 500 μg/mL for cell toxicity. The VSMC cell apoptosis depended on increasing the dust concentration manner. There was a positive effect of plant extracts on wound repair in the blood vessels after being treated with TCE at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. According to the results, it could be suggested that plant extracts, especially TCE can be a food ingredient that plays a vital role in preventing the blood vessel from the airborne effects caused by PM10 receiving. Also, these data help and be useful for healthy food or therapeutic food development for reducing the risk factor of arteriosclerotic effects.