Fatal outcome of postpolypectomy syndrome: A case report

Postpolypectomy syndrome (PPS), also known as postpolypectomy coagulation syndrome or transmural burn syndrome, is a rare complication following colonic polypectomy characterized by abdominal pain, fever, and leukocytosis. Herein, we present a case of a patient in his 70s who developed abdominal pain and fever after a polypectomy. He was diagnosed with PPS, which rapidly progressed to septic shock necessitating left hemicolectomy. Pathological findings confirmed intestinal necrosis and severe electrocoagulation injury. Despite surgical intervention, the patient succum to multiple complications. While usually mild, approximately 0.07% of PPS cases require hospitalization due to localized peritonitis from electrocautery. Conservative management is effective, though severe complications are rare. Despite its generally favorable prognosis, our case highlights rapid progression to fatal septic shock postsurgery. Recognition of PPS is crucial, particularly in patients with abdominal pain postpolypectomy, as it can lead to life-threatening outcomes.