Artificial Intelligence, Medical Imaging, and Precision Medicine: Advances and Perspectives

The role of artificial intelligence (AI) applied to medical imaging in developing and strengthening personalized medicine is described as a continuous process of improvement, a set of opportunities, and a professional challenge of enormous significance. This paper outlines the main processes in which AI is involved regarding imaging, including data preparation, image harmonization, automatic segmentation of organs and lesions, labeling, extraction of radiomic features, and the development of predictive clinical models. It will also address aspects related to the integration of these solutions into clinical practice to enhance accuracy and efficiency in the care process, diagnosis, and treatment, making it more personalized, efficient, and precise. Projects like PRIMAGE and CHAIMELEON highlight the transformative potential of AI and the fundamental role of interdisciplinary collaboration in realizing this potential, based on ongoing multiprofesional collaboration to address the ethical, regulatory, technical, and clinical challenges that accompany these advancements.