Freudian psychic apparatus and Luria's functional units: exploring intersections.

Introduction. In this paper, we aim to point out that Freudian concepts such as the id, ego, and superego may find equivalents in neuroanatomy/neurobiology. To this end, we explore the possible intersections between Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theoretical model and neurologist Alexander Luria's model of functional units. Although Freud distanced himself from the strictly localizationist neurological perspective of brain functions, his notions of the mind as a dynamic phenomenon persist and continue to inspire discussions in the field of neuroscience. Method. We establish a parallel between Freud's structural and dynamic model and Luria's model of functional units, highlighting the complex relationship between the id, ego, superego, and the neurological framework. Results. We emphasize that, although precise locations for these structures may be elusive, a systemic neuroscientific approach to psychic activity aligns with Freud's vision. Additionally, we explore the genetic and neurobiological dimensions of Freud's proposal and discuss how these elements could lead to a deeper understanding of neuropsychic structures. We argue that the distinction between the id and its differentiated structures remains nebulous, and that the id may have roots in brain regions governing basic survival, with origins in genetic inheritance. Conclusion. This paper does not provide definitive answers but aims to contribute to the complex relationship between Freudian psychoanalysis and neurobiology. We emphasize the imperative need for future investigations, particularly employing a microscopic/reductionist approach to neuropsychic differentiation.