JWST MIRI Detections of Hα and [O iii] and a Direct Metallicity Measurement of the z = 10.17 Lensed Galaxy MACS0647−JD

Abstract JWST spectroscopy has revolutionized our understanding of galaxies in the early Universe. Covering wavelengths up to 5.3 μ m, NIRSpec can detect rest-frame optical H α emission lines out to z = 7 and [O iii ] to z = 9.5. Observing these lines in more distant galaxies requires longer wavelength spectroscopy with MIRI. Here we present MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph integral field unit observations of the lensed galaxy merger MACS0647–JD at z = 10.165. With exposure times of 4.2 hr in each of two bands (SHORT and LONG), we detect H α at 9 σ , [O iii ] λ 5008 at 11 σ , and [O iii ] λ 4960 at 3 σ . Combined with previously reported NIRSpec spectroscopy that yielded seven emission lines including the auroral line [O iii ] λ 4363, we present the first direct metallicity measurement of a z &gt; 10 galaxy: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mn>12</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>log</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>7.79</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.09</mml:mn> </mml:math> , or <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0.13</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.03</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.02</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mspace width="0.25em"/> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Z</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>⊙</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> . This is similar to galaxies at z ∼ 4–9 with direct metallicity measurements, though higher than expected given the high specific star formation rate log(sSFR/yr −1 ) = −7.4 ± 0.3. We further constrain the ionization parameter <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>log</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>U</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:math> = −1.9 ± 0.1, ionizing photon production efficiency log( ξ ion ) = 25.3 ± 0.1, and SFR = 5.0 ± 0.6 M ⊙ yr −1 within the past 10 Myr. These observations demonstrate the combined power of JWST NIRSpec and MIRI for studying galaxies in the first 500 million years.

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Publication Details

Journal
The Astrophysical Journal
Published
2024-09-20
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6562
Citations
28
Primary Topic
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
9.28

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article

JWST MIRI Detections of Hα and [O iii] and a Direct Metallicity Measurement of the z = 10.17 Lensed Galaxy MACS0647−JD

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28 citations
The Astrophysical Journal
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
9.28
article

JWST MIRI Detections of Hα and [O iii] and a Direct Metallicity Measurement of the z = 10.17 Lensed Galaxy MACS0647−JD

Matilde Mingozzi, Pratika Dayal, Seiji Fujimoto, Colin Norman, Massimo Ricotti, Keren Sharon, Lukas J. Furtak, Intae Jung, Vasily Kokorev, Abdurrouf, Luca Costantin, L. Colina, Rebecca L. Larson, Bethan L. James, Christopher J. Conselice, Erik Zackrisson, Brian Welch, Angela Adamo, Larry Bradley, Yolanda Jiménez-Teja, Dan Coe, Pablo G. Pérez‐González, Arjan Bik, Alejandro Crespo Gómez, Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao, Javier Álvarez-Márquez, Xinfeng Xu, E. Vanzella, Jane R. Rigby, Taylor A. Hutchison, Adi Zitrin, Carmen Blanco-Prieto, C. Prieto-Jiménez
article en
28 citations

Abstract

Abstract JWST spectroscopy has revolutionized our understanding of galaxies in the early Universe. Covering wavelengths up to 5.3 μ m, NIRSpec can detect rest-frame optical H α emission lines out to z = 7 and [O iii ] to z = 9.5. Observing these lines in more distant galaxies requires longer wavelength spectroscopy with MIRI. Here we present MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph integral field unit observations of the lensed galaxy merger MACS0647–JD at z = 10.165. With exposure times of 4.2 hr in each of two bands (SHORT and LONG), we detect H α at 9 σ , [O iii ] λ 5008 at 11 σ , and [O iii ] λ 4960 at 3 σ . Combined with previously reported NIRSpec spectroscopy that yielded seven emission lines including the auroral line [O iii ] λ 4363, we present the first direct metallicity measurement of a z &gt; 10 galaxy: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mn>12</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>log</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">H</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>7.79</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.09</mml:mn> </mml:math> , or <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0.13</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.03</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.02</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mspace width="0.25em"/> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Z</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>⊙</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> . This is similar to galaxies at z ∼ 4–9 with direct metallicity measurements, though higher than expected given the high specific star formation rate log(sSFR/yr −1 ) = −7.4 ± 0.3. We further constrain the ionization parameter <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>log</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>U</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:math> = −1.9 ± 0.1, ionizing photon production efficiency log( ξ ion ) = 25.3 ± 0.1, and SFR = 5.0 ± 0.6 M ⊙ yr −1 within the past 10 Myr. These observations demonstrate the combined power of JWST NIRSpec and MIRI for studying galaxies in the first 500 million years.

The Astrophysical JournalVol. 973(2)
National Science Foundation, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Space Telescope Science Institute, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation, Swedish National Space Agency, Vetenskapsrådet, Science and Technology Facilities Council
Openalex Percentile: Top 2%
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
9.28
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