’Iatrogenic septic pit’: empyema, a rare complication after endobronchial valve placement

<b>Objective:</b> Patients with severe emphysema who do not experience relief with non-invasive therapies such as medication and physical activity may need advanced treatments. Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction using endobronchial valves (EBV) is an alternative therapy that may improve exercise capacity and quality of life in carefully selected cases. This treatment is less invasive compared to lung reduction surgery or transplants.<b>Clinical presentation:</b> In this case report, a rarely described complication after EBV insertion is presented: empyema. <b>Conclusion:</b> However EBV has advantages in selected cases, it can be associated with different complications such as pneumothorax, valve migration, and pneumonia.