A IMPORTÂNCIA DA POLÍTICA PÚBLICA AMBIENTAL NA GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS E PROTEÇÃO DO MEIO AMBIENTE

The present article is based on a qualitative and exploratory research on the Main Environmental Public Policies in Brazil, focusing on the historical conceptualization of these policies and on solid waste management. The systematic literature review, which covers national literature from 2019 to 2024, was conducted in databases such as Scielo and Google Scholar, selecting essential articles for a detailed analysis. Despite legislative advances and international conferences, challenges such as deforestation, pollutant emissions, and inadequate management of urban solid waste (USW) persist. Lack of enforcement and economic resistance are significant obstacles to the effective implementation of laws. Selective collection and proper waste treatment are key strategies to mitigate environmental impacts and promote sustainability. The conceptual framework presented illustrates how public policies, legislation, environmental education, and waste management interrelate to achieve a healthy and sustainable environment.