A 113-nW, Sub-1 V Single BJT-Based Voltage and Current Reference in One Circuit

This article presents a single bipolar junction transistor (BJT)-based voltage and current reference combined in one circuit. The <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\beta$</tex> -multiplier is used to generate the proportional-to-absolute-temperature (PTAT) voltage, which is added to the fractional emitter-base voltage <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$(V_{EB})$</tex> of the BJT to achieve a temperature-independent output reference voltage <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$(V_{REF})$</tex>. The reference current <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$(I_{REF})$</tex> is obtained by the ratio of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$V_{REF}$</tex> and a temperature-compensated resistor (TCR), where TCR is implemented using a series connection of a complementary-to-absolute-temperature (CTAT) unsilicided P+ poly resistor and a PTAT N-well resistor. The proposed circuit is designed in a 65-nm low-power CMOS process and occupies an area of 0.1 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\text{mm}^{2}$</tex>. Post-layout Monte-Carlo simulations show that the achieved average temperature coefficients of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$V_{REF}$</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$I_{REF}$</tex> are <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$13.9\ \text{ppm} /{}^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$83.85\ \text{ppm} /{}^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$</tex>, respectively, across a temperature range from <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$-40{}^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$</tex> to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$120 {}^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$</tex>. The mean values of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$V_{REF}$</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$I_{REF}$</tex> are 243.34 mV and 9.97 nA, respectively, with a standard deviation of 2.49 mV and 454 pA, respectively. Moreover, it operates from a minimum supply of 0.85 V, with a total power dissipation of 113 nW at 120°C.