Matcha and exercise synergy: Elucidating mechanisms and central signaling pathways modulating glycolipid metabolism in high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice

Abstract Matcha green tea, renowned for its rich composition of catechin, theanine, caffeine, and fiber‐bound polyphenols, distinguishes itself with heightened bioavailability and promising potential in addressing obesity and metabolic disorders. Our comprehensive analysis delved into matcha's components and antioxidant activity. Employing a multi‐omics approach, we explored the synergistic effects of matcha combined with voluntary exercise, focusing on anti‐obesity outcomes in high‐fat diet mice. Our findings revealed that matcha co‐exercise significantly mitigates glycolipid metabolism abnormalities, increasing serum antioxidant enzymes. This combination notably influences peripheral metabolism, especially amino acids and their metabolisms. Moreover, the observed activation of the BMP‐SMAD signaling in the hypothalamus implies a central regulatory role mediating matcha co‐exercise effects. Collectively, these findings underscore matcha's potential as a robust adjunct in mitigating obesity through antioxidant and metabolic regulation, supporting its use as a promising supplement to enhance exercise benefits in combating obesity.