Grape Seed Extract Enhances Antioxidant Capacity and Attenuates the Ochratoxin A-Induced Genotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Albino Rats

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is highly toxic to animals and humans within mycotoxins.Some studies have reported that Grape Seed Extract (GSE) has a protective role on these toxicities.The aim of the present study is to determine the antioxidant effect of GSE against genotoxicity, and oxidative stress induced by OTA in albino rats.Forty mature Wistar albino male rats with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups (10 rats each): 1-untreated control group, 2-OTA treated group (1.7 mg/Kg b w, i. p), 3-OTA + 75 mg/Kg b w GSE group, 4-OTA + 150 mg/Kg bw GSE group.Rats were treated for 15 days and at the end of experiments, liver and kidney tissue homogenate, as well bone marrow cells were prepared to determine the antioxidant capacity and ameliorate role of GSE on genotoxicity, DNA damage and oxidative stress was induced by OTA in albino rats.The results show that GSE could significantly improve genotoxicity and DNA damage induced by OTA.SOD and GSH-Px as antioxidant enzymes were increased, as well, MDA and NO as oxidative stress parameters were significantly decreased, and effectively alleviating the oxidative stress caused by OTA and enhance the antioxidant capacity.These results suggest that GSE has a protective effect against OTA induced genotoxicity, DNA damage and oxidative stress in rats through its antioxidant effect.Thus, clinical application of GSE as therapy should be considered to prevent and treat oxidative damage in cases of ochratoxicosis.