Multichannel 3D-printed bionanoparticles-loaded tablet (M3DPBT): designing, development, and in vitro functionality assessment

Abstract Background The intersubject variability which was related to the genetic makeup was the major cause of change in pharmacological and pharmacokinetic behavior of same dosage form in varied human being. 3D printing technology will help therapy evolve and eliminate the limitations of conventional technologies. Nebivolol's (NBL)-limited oral bioavailability is mainly due to its poor aqueous solubility. The research aims to combine advanced 3D printing technology and nanotechnology to design customized therapy and enhance the functionality of NBL using a statistical approach. Results and discussion The results of the phase solubility indicated that NBL was a poorly aqueous soluble drug. Its solubility was increased by employing nanoparticle drug delivery, which is a promising solubility enhancement technique. The 3 2 full factorial design was employed to develop and optimize bionanoparticles (BNPs) by solvent evaporation technique using poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid 50:50) (PLGA 50:50) and poloxamer-407 as a surfactant. The BNPs were characterized by % encapsulation efficiency (% EE), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), transmission electron microscope (TEM), zeta potential, polydispersity index (PDI), particle size, in vitro drug release, etc. The BNPs loaded of NBL were further incorporated into the multichannel 3D-controlled release tablets made by PVA filaments employing fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology optimized by central composite design (CCD). Multichannel 3D-printed bionanoparticles-loaded tablet (M3DPBT) was optimized using CCD. All designed M3DPBTs were evaluated for post-fabrication parameters. The optimized M3DPBT could release more than 85% NBL within 10 h. Conclusions The newly fabricated M3DPBT was found stable. The amount of PLGA 50:50 and Polaxomer was significant for developing BNPs. % infill and layer height were observed as critical for the designing M3DPBT. The combined novel 3D printing and nanotechnology technology will open a new direction for patient compliance and better therapeutic effects. Graphical abstract Designing and developing of M3DPBT is substantially improve the patient compliance and therapeutic effectiveness of Nebivolol.