Influence of inclined magnetic field and surface catalyzed reactions on a ternary hybrid nanofluid rotating flow with irreversibility analysis

Abstract The goal of this research is to compute the numerical solution of the thermally stratified kerosene oil‐based ternary nanofluid flow with metallic nanoparticles including Nickel (Ni), Tantalum (Ta), and Zinc (Zn) influenced by an angled magnetic field between two parallel plates. The upper plate is assumed to be permeable and the lower is along the horizontal axis. The oxidation resistance and great thermal chemical stability of these nanoparticles make them ideal for usage in high temperature applications. This study also finds applications in chemical processing, microfluidic devices, and targeted drug delivery. In the energy equation, modified Fourier law and non‐uniform heat source‐sink are considered. The surface‐catalyzed reactions are considered with the variable diffusion coefficients. In addition, the irreversibility analysis is also performed. The flow model is supported by the slip and the thermal stratification conditions at the surface. The Tiwari and Das model is utilized to elucidate the characteristics of liquid flow, and it involves applying appropriate transformations to transmute the flow model into ordinary differential equations. These equations are computed via the bvp4c scheme. Graphs are generated to illustrate the impact of varied quantities on the flow and temperature profiles. Additionally, the surface drag coefficient and surface heat transfer rate are evaluated and summarized. It is worth mentioning that the thermal stratified and surface‐catalyzed parameters have reduced the temperature and concentration distributions respectively. The entropy generation is higher near the lower impermeable plate and lower near the upper permeable plate when the porosity parameter is enhanced. Additionally, it is noticed that 6% of the volume fraction of nanoparticles has a greater surface drag coefficient and heat transmission rate than 3% of the volume fraction of nanoparticles. This indicates that a higher volume fraction improves the surface drag and the heat transmission rate.