Effect of nutrition adequacy on inflammation, respiratory improvement, and success of weaning from mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients: A single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial

<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3> This prospective interventional study aimed to investigate the effect of nutritional adequacy through a multidisciplinary approach on the success of ventilator weaning in patients admitted to ICU considering patients' nutritional status at baseline and monitoring nutritional measurements during the study. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> In this randomized, single-blind, two-arm clinical trial (IRCT20201229049876N1, Registration date: 2021-01-06), subjects were selected from patients undergoing mechanical ventilation and admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of three medical centers between January 2021 and June 2022. The intervention group received multidisciplinary nutritional support rounds twice weekly, while the control group received the usual nutrition therapy (physician-centered NS). <h3>Results</h3> Our results showed that 92% of patients in the intervention group had a higher daily energy intake (≥80% of goal Kcal) compared with the control group, 62% of patients (<i>P</i>≤ 0.05). There were no significant differences in terms of BMI, and values of respiratory function parameters between the two groups (all <i>P</i>> 0.1) at the end of the study. However, the mean score of the Burns Wean Assessment Program (BWAP), and circulating levels of C-reactive protein were significantly changed in the interventional group than in the control group. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Applying a multidisciplinary nutrition support program could improve nutrition adequacy, CRP levels, and the BWAP score in ventilated ICU patients.