Selection of Suitable Sites for Solar Power Plants in Khartoum State Utilizing GIS

Khartoum State, Sudan is witnessed an increasing demand for energy to face increasing in population and changing in lifestyle towards urbanization. The energy needed for sustainable development of the State by shifting towards increasing the usage of renewable energy sources, such as solar electricity. Selection of suitable sites for solar energy fields can be effectively achieved by use of Geographic Information System (GIS). This study aims to provide a detailed analysis that will aid in the strategic placement of solar power plants. The ultimate goal is to maximize energy production efficiency while minimizing environmental impact and costs. Through this focused approach, the paper seeks to contribute valuable insights that can drive sustainable energy development in Khartoum and, by extension, support Sudan's broader renewable energy goals. In this Study comprehensive data of solar radiation intensity and the integration of various geospatial layers were analyzed to select suitable sites with full stakeholder engagement in the site selection process. The study area, Khartoum State, is described in terms of its location, population, and climate. The text also explains the criteria (Solar radiation, slope, aspect, water drainage, airport and settlement, power line, road network) and constraints criteria (urban areas, water bodies and agricultural Schemes) used in the site selection process, as well as the data processing and modeling techniques employed. The results show that a significant portion of Khartoum State is suitable for solar power plant installations. The text concludes by recommending the implementation of the suitability model in future energy initiatives and the integration of GIS in national energy sector development plans.