High birefringent slotted core slotted cladding porous core PCF for THz waveguide

A novel design featuring a porous core photonic crystal fiber (PC-PCF) is proposed in this paper for terahertz (THz) waveguide application. This work uses finite element method (FEM) and a boundary condition related to perfectly matched layer (PML) for analyzing the guiding properties. This methodology is supported by a fiber type featuring a slotted core and slotted cladding, utilizing Zeonex as the material. It offers high birefringence valued at 0.0978, small confinement loss of 10 −14 dB/cm, a meager amount of effective material loss (EML) valued at 0.011697 dB/cm and a very high core power fraction (CPF) of 67.156%. Additionally, it shows a flattened pattern of dispersion measuring 0.4 ± 0.2 ps/THz/cm at an extensive frequency range of 0.5 THz to 2 THz. Other significant waveguide properties: effective refractive index , numerical aperture (NA), V-parameter, effective area, spot size, and beam divergence of the suggested fiber are numerically analyzed and conferred thoroughly. Regarding its mode of operation, the proposed fiber primarily functions in multimode , but it can also operate in single mode for higher porosity levels and lower core diameters . This unique characteristic renders the proposed PC-PCF structure well-suited for a broad range of applications, offering versatility as to its mode of operation. • A novel design featuring a porous core photonic crystal fiber (PC-PCF) is proposed for THz waveguide application. • FEM with PML boundary conditions is used to analyze guiding properties of slotted core/cladding PC-PCF with Zeonex as the host material. • It offers high birefringence , low confinement loss, minimal EML and flattened dispersion over a wide frequency range. • The proposed fiber mainly functions in multimode but can support single mode with higher porosity and reduced core diameter. • This unique trait makes the PC-PCF structure ideal for various applications, offering versatility in its mode of operation.