A Silent Injury - Breast Pain And Injury Among Female Rugby Union Players

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of exercise induced breast pain (EIBP) and impact related breast injury (IRBI) among adult female Rugby union players. Furthermore, we explored reporting patterns and provided treatment related to EIBP and IRBI and players’ existing knowledge of potential health implications. METHODS: In May 2023 a multi-question and multi-sectional online survey was developed. Expert groups were consulted consisting of medical professionals, researchers, former and current female Rugby players aiding the survey development process. From July 2023 until October 2023, adult (≥18 years), currently active female Rugby 15 s and Rugby Sevens players of all levels of play globally were asked to participate anonymously in the survey, recruited via social media. RESULTS: Of female Rugby Union players who responded (n = 351), over 50% reported having experienced either an IRBI, EIBP or both during their career in matches or training. However, the likelihood of reporting these instances to team personnel was low with less than 25% of respondents being likely or very likely to report. In comparison 84% of responders stated to be likely or very likely to report injury or pain in a different body part which was not the breast. Just under 65% of responses showed that they were not aware of the future complications (fat necrosis, oil cyst and treating complications) EIBP and IRBI could have. Only 10% of participants who reported having experienced IRBI or EIBP received treatment. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that despite a substantial occurrence of breast injury, there is a paucity of player awareness about the potential complications of breast injury and a reluctance to report same. Barriers to reporting and subsequently addressing breast pain and injury must be addressed to optimise player health and performance. Supported by the Irish Rugby Football Union and the Health Research Institute at the University of Limerick