Gender Differences Between Running Economy And Balance Among Ncaa Division Two Cross Country Runners

It is widely accepted that balance is important to prevent injuries among distance runners, however, the possible relationships between gender, running economy, and balance remain relatively unclear. It is hypothesized that as balance measures improve, the running economy will also improve and that both genders will see this relationship. PURPOSE:To examine variables surrounding balance and running economy to determine if there is a significant relationship and determine if gender affects the relationship or lack thereof. METHODS: A sample of 30 NCAA Division II cross-country runners (18 men and 12 women) participated in the study. The participants were asked to complete three balance tests on a balance assessment tool. Participants were then asked to run on the treadmill for 10 minutes at two prescribed paces based on a self-reported 3200 m run time. Participants ran 5 minutes at an easier pace, and 5 minutes at a threshold pace while their running economy was measured using a metabolic cart. These paces were calculated using a VDOT running calculator creating a submaximal VO2 test. RESULTS: Data from balance and VO2 testing was compiled and analyzed using bivariate correlational tests. The results of these tests did not yield significant correlational values when comparing VO2 at the threshold pace to lateral weight shifting capability at a moderate pace (Males r = -0.163, p = 0.517, Females r = -0.511, p = 0.089) or unilateral balance capabilities while eyes were open on the right and left sides (Right side males r = -0.311, p = 0.209, Right side females r = 0.417, p = 0.177, Left side males r = -0.055, p = 0.829, Left side females r = 0.472, p = 0.121). There was also no significant relationship between VO2 at the threshold pace and left and right-side unilateral balance while eyes were closed (Right side males r = -0.326, p = 0.187, Right side females r = 0.018, p = 0.956, Left side males r = -0.254, p = 0.310, Left side females r = 0.050, p = 0.878). CONCLUSION: This study indicates that there may not be a significant relationship between balance and VO2 measures, however, it suggests that there may be a difference between genders regarding these variables. Further research is needed to determine the role gender plays in running economy and balance, as well as the relationship between variables of running economy and balance.