Simultaneous Accelerometer And Self-Report Logs Improve Data Fidelity And Accuracy

PURPOSE: Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a global health issue and leading cause of death in the U.S.1 Major contributors to poor CV health are insufficient physical activity (PA) and sleep. Reduced PA leads to increased systemic inflammation, blood pressure, depression, morbidity, and mortality.2,3,6 Reduced sleep contributes to onset and worsening of cardio-metabolic disorders.4,5 Current methods measuring PA and sleep vary in accuracy. Actigraphy is the gold standard, yet issues delineating daytime PA from nighttime motion occur. The purpose of this analysis was to compare the accuracy of a self-report sleep diary with accelerometer measured sleep. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of a three-arm RCT in adults recovering from major cardiac events. Measurements included an 8-day wrist worn accelerometer and an investigator developed in-bed/wake time self-report. Auto-detected accelerometer sleep times were compared to self-report in-bed/wake times. Self-report rounding was evaluated at 1, 5, 10, 15, 30, or 60-minute increments. Descriptive analysis compared self-report and accelerometer measured PA and self-report at baseline (T0), 10 weeks (T1), and 18 weeks (T2). RESULTS: At T0 39 individuals consented and completed measurements. Participants were primarily men (58%), non-Hispanic white (89%), and had mean age of 61. Follow-up measures were completed by 22 participants at T1 and 24 at T2. Total completion of the self-report activity diary remained high (87% and 92%) at T1 and T2. Most participants used specific 1-minute increments in self-report. 100% of participants needed at least 1 accelerometer measured sleep/wake-time adjusted to match self-report. CONCLUSION: This project demonstrates the importance of both subjective and objective measures when evaluating sleep to verify accuracy of data. Historically, self-report was needed to avoid over estimations of sleep or under estimations of wake time. Findings show participants are willing to utilize activity diaries and PA tracking at follow-up with high completion rates and specificity in self-report. Future work should consider the use of subjective measurement tools paired with emerging technology to objectively measure PA and sleep accurately. Clinically, a self-report may be sufficient to identify disturbed sleep. IU CEQL, Sigma Theta Tau (Alpha & International), Jonas Philanthropies, Indiana University Research Support Funds & School of Nursing