Exploring Feasibility And Knowledge Gaps In A Hispanic Community-based Bone Health Program

Evidence-based behavioral interventions targeting bone health and parental involvement among Hispanic children are scarce. PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of a community-based bone health program, focusing on participant adherence, and retention. We also evaluated participants' osteoporosis knowledge and various bone health outcomes. METHODS: We recruited Hispanic children (n = 26) aged 5-17, each with one caregiver (n = 26) from the Alms center in Bridgeton, NJ. Parents participated in a 3-month, monthly, 60-minute group-based bone health educational program. We measured anthropometry and body composition for parents and children, assessed speed of sound (SOS) at the one-third distal radius, and estimated daily calcium intake. We used a health status questionnaire to collect medical history, osteoporosis knowledge, and lifestyle data impacting bone health. RESULTS: Nineteen pairs successfully completed the 3-month intervention program, resulting in a 73.1% retention rate. At baseline, no significant differences existed between mothers and fathers regarding SOS radius and calcium intake (p > 0.05). After 3 months, only fathers showed a significant increase in calcium intake (p < 0.05), with no significant changes in SOS radius and calcium intake. Among children, no significant differences were found in SOS and physical activity, but girls had higher calcium intake than boys (p < 0.05). Over 3 months, SOS radius and physical activity remained stable, while boys experienced a significant decrease in calcium intake (p < 0.05). Notably, over 50% of participants were unfamiliar with "Osteoporosis" and its potential health impact later in life. Mothers expressed greater concern about osteoporosis compared to fathers (57.1% vs. 20%), viewing it as seriously as diabetes or heart disease (50% vs. 0%) and being more attentive to their own bone health through exercise (42.9% vs. 0%) and diet (57.1% vs. 20%). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that adherence and retention rates were feasible for this clinical trial. However, there was no significant impact on radius bone strength and calcium intake behaviors. Addressing knowledge gaps and enhancing engagement may be essential for future interventions. Funding for this project was provided by the South Jersey Institute of Population Health (SJIPH; ID#1, PI: Jonathan Cummings, Cycle 1, 2021-23), which is supported by the Rowan University / Rutgers Camden Board of Governors.