Effects Of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Supplementation On Body Composition, Glucose And Lipid Metabolism, And Physical Performance In Adults

Beneficial effects of nicotinamide monocucleotide (NMN) administration have been extensively investigated in various rodent animals. However, whether these observed benefits could be translated into human beings remains unclear. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of long-term NMN supplementation on health-related outcomes in adults. METHODS: Studies were located by searching four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science). Two reviewers selected studies that met the inclusion criteria: (1) randomized controlled trials, (2) NMN supplementation (≥14 days) of any form and at any dose, (3) having a placebo-controlled comparator, (4) humans ≥18 years of age, (5) published studies from inception to the date of search in English, (6) assessment of one of the following aspects of outcomes: nicontinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and NAD-related metabolites concentrations, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, body composition, and physical performance. Random-effects models that account for heterogeneity and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to pool results. RESULTS: Of the 4304 records reviewed, 12 studies with a total of 513 participants (304 NMN supplementation and 209 placebo control) met the criteria for analysis. Statistically significant differences between NMN supplementation and placebo control were found for NAD (Standardized mean difference [SMD], 2.71, CI, 1.81 to 3.62) and NMN (SMD, 0.88, CI, 0.46 to 1.30) concentrations in blood, 2-PY concentrations (SMD, 4.28, CI, 1.94 to 6.63) in plasma, and total cholesterol (Mean difference, -9.42mg/dL, CI, -18.28 to -0.55). Other outcomes of interest including fasting blood glucose, insulin level, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, free fatty acids, body weight, BMI, skeletal mass index, % body fat, and handgrip strength were not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSION: Although NMN supplementation could effectively elevate NAD and NAD-related metabolites concentrations in blood, the translation of its beneficial effects on health parameters into human beings still needs careful examination. Further studies will be necessary to identify the major target organs and effector molecules administered at different time points or in a more specific population with compromised conditions.