Superclustering with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and Dark Energy Survey. II. Anisotropic Large-scale Coherence in Hot Gas, Galaxies, and Dark Matter

Abstract Statistics that capture the directional dependence of the baryon distribution in the cosmic web enable unique tests of cosmology and astrophysical feedback. We use constrained oriented stacking of thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (tSZ) maps to measure the anisotropic distribution of hot gas 2.5–40 Mpc away from galaxy clusters embedded in massive filaments and superclusters. The cluster selection and orientation (at a scale of ∼15 Mpc) use Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 data, while expanded tSZ maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Data Release 6 enable a ∼3× more significant measurement of the extended gas compared to the technique’s proof-of-concept. Decomposing stacks into cosine multipoles of order m , we detect a dipole ( m = 1) and quadrupole ( m = 2) at 8 σ –10 σ , as well as evidence for m = 4 signal at up to 6 σ , indicating sensitivity to late-time non-Gaussianity. We compare to Cardinal simulations with spherical gas models pasted onto dark matter halos. The fiducial tSZ data can discriminate between two models that deplete pressure differently in low-mass halos (mimicking astrophysical feedback), preferring higher average pressure in extended structures. However, uncertainty in the amount of cosmic infrared background contamination reduces the constraining power. Additionally, we apply the technique to DES galaxy density and weak lensing to study for the first time their oriented relationships with tSZ. In the tSZ-to-lensing relation, averaged on 7.5 Mpc (transverse) scales, we observe dependence on redshift but not shape or radial distance. Thus, on large scales, the superclustering of gas pressure, galaxies, and total matter is coherent in shape and extent.

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Journal
The Astrophysical Journal
Published
2025-03-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adb622
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.15

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article

Superclustering with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and Dark Energy Survey. II. Anisotropic Large-scale Coherence in Hot Gas, Galaxies, and Dark Matter

A. Pieres, A. Roodman, Renée Hložek, S. Everett et al.
1 citations
The Astrophysical Journal
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
1.15
article

Superclustering with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and Dark Energy Survey. II. Anisotropic Large-scale Coherence in Hot Gas, Galaxies, and Dark Matter

A. Pieres, A. Roodman, Renée Hložek, S. Everett, I. Ferrero, D.L Hollowood, S. R. Hinton, J. Myles, D. Brooks, M. Gatti, J. Carretero, J. García-Bellido, S. Bocquet, S. Allam, L. N. da Costa, G. Giannini, Martine Lokken, Michael S. Schubnell, J. Frieman, Jo Dunkley, A. A. Plazas, Gregory Tarlé, S. B. Pandey, E. Suchyta, A. Porredon, Michael D. Niemack, P. Wiseman, Vera Gluscevic, K. Honscheid, Gaston Gutierrez, S. Samuroff, D. Sanchez Cid, D. Gruen, Eusebio Sanchez, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Suzanne T. Staggs, J. Mena-Fernández, Eric J. Baxter, Alexander van Engelen, A. Carnero Rosell, ENRIQUE GAZTAÑAGA, M. Rodríguez-Monroy, K. Kuehn, D.J James, R. A. Gruendl, Erminia Calabrese, F. Menanteau, Cristobál Sifón, Dhayaa Anbajagane, J. Blazek, William R. Coulton, Yilun Guan, M. E. C. Swanson, Gabriela A. Marques, R. Miquel, M. E. S. Pereira, S. Desai, C. Doux, M. Aguena, M. Costanzi, Edward J. Wollack, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, S Lee, Zhiqi Huang, Li Zhi, M. Smith, N. Weaverdyck, J. R. Bond, O. Lahav, B. X. Santiago, J. L. Marshall, D. Bacon, Peter Doel, J. De Vicente, C-H. To
article en
1 citations

Abstract

Abstract Statistics that capture the directional dependence of the baryon distribution in the cosmic web enable unique tests of cosmology and astrophysical feedback. We use constrained oriented stacking of thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (tSZ) maps to measure the anisotropic distribution of hot gas 2.5–40 Mpc away from galaxy clusters embedded in massive filaments and superclusters. The cluster selection and orientation (at a scale of ∼15 Mpc) use Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 data, while expanded tSZ maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Data Release 6 enable a ∼3× more significant measurement of the extended gas compared to the technique’s proof-of-concept. Decomposing stacks into cosine multipoles of order m , we detect a dipole ( m = 1) and quadrupole ( m = 2) at 8 σ –10 σ , as well as evidence for m = 4 signal at up to 6 σ , indicating sensitivity to late-time non-Gaussianity. We compare to Cardinal simulations with spherical gas models pasted onto dark matter halos. The fiducial tSZ data can discriminate between two models that deplete pressure differently in low-mass halos (mimicking astrophysical feedback), preferring higher average pressure in extended structures. However, uncertainty in the amount of cosmic infrared background contamination reduces the constraining power. Additionally, we apply the technique to DES galaxy density and weak lensing to study for the first time their oriented relationships with tSZ. In the tSZ-to-lensing relation, averaged on 7.5 Mpc (transverse) scales, we observe dependence on redshift but not shape or radial distance. Thus, on large scales, the superclustering of gas pressure, galaxies, and total matter is coherent in shape and extent.

The Astrophysical JournalVol. 982(2)
Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ES), California Institute of Technology (US), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (CL), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (US), Harvard University (US), University of Trieste (IT), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US), The University of Queensland (AU), Urbana University (US), University of California, Santa Cruz (US), University of Toronto (CA), Institute for High Energy Physics (ES), Princeton University (US), Cornell University (US), University of Michigan (US), Lowell Observatory (US), Trieste Astronomical Observatory (IT), The Ohio State University at Lima (US), Mount Stromlo Observatory (AU), Valongo Observatory (BR), Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (ES), Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (US), Menlo School (US), Institut Català de Ciències del Clima (ES), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CA), Michigan United (US), Astrobiology Center (JP), California Consortium of Addiction Programs and Professionals (US), Unidades Centrales Científico-Técnicas (ES), Zhongshan Hospital (CN), Institut für Urheber- und Medienrecht (DE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (ES), Hamburg Institut (Germany) (DE), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (FR), Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia (BR), Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe (IT), Flatiron Health (United States) (US), Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (ES), State Library of Ohio (US), University of Southampton (GB), Flatiron Institute (US), University College London (GB), Arizona State University (US), University of Portsmouth (GB), Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IN), University of Pennsylvania (US), Ruhr University Bochum (DE), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (NL), University of California, Berkeley (US)
U.S. Department of Energy, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Generalitat de Catalunya, Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo
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Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
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