Quality Coefficient on Gene Differentiation and Phenotype: Clone Assessment of Saccharum officinarum LINN

The production sugarcane of superior varieties can be achieved through cross-breeding between superior parent plants based on the desired advantages. This research examines the diversity of superior clones SB04, SB11, SB19, and SB20, and identifies which clones have the highest productivity potential. The first ratoon research was carried out from August 2020 to July 2021. Data analysis used descriptive-analytic methods, regression tests, and genetic diversity assessment. Observation variables include agronomic variables and potential productivity. The findings show the genetic diversity of the superior clone SB04 showed close similarity to the heterozygous combination PS862. The superior clone SB11 showed a tendency to inherit traits similar to Cenning Elder. The superior clones SB19 and SB20 lean towards the VMC71-238 variety and the combination of PSBM01 and VMC71-238. The superior clones SB04, SB11, SB19, and SB20 produced higher variable weight, yield, and sugarcane crystal weight compared to the characteristics of their two parents. These clones—SB04, SB11, SB19, and SB20—produced high crystallization yields, ranging from 8.47 to 15.26 tonnes/ha, higher than their parent plants. SB19 has the highest yield, namely 15.26 tons/ha. Although some clones dominate crystal production, other clones inherit traits from both parents but are less dominant in overall productivity.