Meta Analysis and Systematic Review of Various Treatment Options for Maxillary Lateral Incisors Agenesis

Background: Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA) affects appearance, functionality, and mental health, thereby making therapeutic decisions will be difficult. Healthcare professionals switch between space opening (SO) and space closure (SC) methods, attempting to find the most appropriate strategy for every patient. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the functional, cosmetic and long-term stability results of several treatment modalities for maxillofacial instability (MLIA). Specifically, the research will focus on orthodontic space closure, prosthodontic treatments (such as implants and resin-bonded prostheses) and canine relocation. Methods: Interdisciplinary research methodologies were used to databases from 2009 to 2024, without regard to language constraints, using PRISMA criteria. The inclusion criteria included research on MLIA treatment, omitting cases of tooth loss due to caries, and evaluating results for long-term stability, aesthetics, and functionality. Results: Of the 2085 papers that were examined, 10 made a direct comparison between orthodontic space closure and prosthodontic intervention and were considered for the review. Orthodontic gap closure was more common than prosthodontic intervention, and the ratio of MLIA incidence was greater in females. Compared to more conventional prosthodontic techniques, implants were utilized less frequently. Periodontal evaluations demonstrated consistent papilla indices and little soft tissue problems, highlighting better orthodontic closure results. Patient satisfaction varied among treatment modalities, and aesthetic judgments were inconsistent. Conclusion:  In conclusion, treatment planning is aided by early identification of MLIA. In order to minimize long-term biological and technical complications while assuring periodontal health, aesthetic outcomes, and early treatment completion throughout adolescence, orthodontic space closure becomes the recommended choice.