Multi-Protocol Wireless Mesh Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are pivotal for real-time environmental monitoring applications. This paper delves into the detailed architecture and performance analysis of two prominent protocols, ESP-NOW and LoRa, within the context of a WSN setup. The ESP-NOW protocol, utilizing a Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) mesh algorithm, excels in throughput, latency, and bandwidth compared to LoRa, making it suitable for high-speed, low-latency communication needs. Conversely, LoRa demonstrates advantages in long-range communication and obstacle penetration. Additionally, the analysis delves into power consumption, where ESP-NOW outshines LoRa in both idle and active network states. This results demonstrated that the energy efficiency of ESP-NOW is particularly advantageous for battery-operated devices and remote deployments. The findings presented also provided valuable insights for optimizing protocol selection and power management strategies in WSN deployments, ensuring efficient and reliable data transmission in diverse environmental monitoring scenarios.