Visible light tuning with tridoped TeO2-ZnO vitreous samples for photonics

This study focuses on the characterization of TeO<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf>-ZnO samples prepared with different concentrations of rare-earth ions (Tm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup>, Er<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup>, and Yb<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> ions) for potential application in photonics. Samples were produced with the melt-quenching technique and optical characterization, including luminescence and absorption measurements, was conducted, highlighting the influence of the rare-earth ion concentration on the emission intensities. The chromaticity diagram further illustrated the emitted colors, demonstrating light tuning capabilities. The sample with a higher concentration of Er<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> and Yb<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3+</sup> ions exhibited consistent green emission for LED and display applications green light is observed for all excitation powers (with the highest purity for the lowest excitation power (14.4 W/cm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>), whereas the one with a lower concentration of both rare - earth ions showed a broader range of emission colors, from blue to green, indicating superior light tuning and more versatile applications across the visible spectrum. Results of luminescence intensity as a function of different laser powers indicated that two photons participate in the emission of green light (545 and 650 nm) and three photons are associated with the blue one (477 nm). The present results demonstrate a route to manage visible light emission and produce different photonic devices based on the efficiency frequency upconversion process of triply doped TeO<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf>-ZnO glasses with different concentrations of rare-earth ions.