Evaluation of UE Registration Performance in Open-Source 5G Core Networks

The rapid advancement of communication technologies has led to the emergence of the 5th Generation (5G) mobile networks. The 5G system architecture adopts software-defined networking and network function virtualization, enabling a flexible and scalable 5G Core Network (CN). However, with the increasing demand for connections, challenges arise in both scalability and efficiency. To study the relevant implementations, we conduct experiments about User Equipment (UE) registrations on 2 scenarios using 3 open-source 5G CNs, free5GC, Open5GS, and OpenAirInterface (OAI). The first scenario investigates the impact of UE registration with 3 scales on the 5G CN. The second focuses on the impact of many duplicate UE registration requests on the Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF). Our findings empower the enhancement of 5G CN implementations.