Genus Ribes: Ribes aureum, Ribes pauciflorum, Ribes triste, and Ribes dikuscha—Comparative Mass Spectrometric Study of Polyphenolic Composition and Other Bioactive Constituents

This study presents the metabolomic profiles of the four <i>Ribes</i> species (<i>Ribes pauciflorum</i> Turcz., <i>Ribes triste</i> Pall., <i>Ribes dicuscha</i> Fisch., and <i>Ribes aureum</i> Purch.). The plant material was collected during two expeditions in the Russian Far East. Tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect target analytes. A total of 205 bioactive compounds (155 compounds from polyphenol group and 50 compounds from other chemical groups) were tentatively identified from the berries and extracts of the four <i>Ribes</i> species. For the first time, 29 chemical constituents from the polyphenol group were tentatively identified in the genus <i>Ribes</i>. The newly identified polyphenols include flavones, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, lignans, coumarins, stilbenes, and others. The other newly detected compounds in <i>Ribes</i> species are the naphthoquinone group (1,8-dihydroxy-anthraquinone, 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-9(10H)-anthracenone, 8,8'-dihydroxy-2,2'-binaphthalene-1,1',4,4'-tetrone, etc.), polyhydroxycarboxylic acids, omega-3 fatty acids (stearidonic acid, linolenic acid), and others. Our results imply that <i>Ribes</i> species are rich in polyphenols, especially flavanols, anthocyanins, flavones, and flavan-3-ols. These results indicate the utility of <i>Ribes</i> species for the health and pharmaceutical industry.