Association of Psychological Factors with Burning Mouth Syndrome in Psychiatric Diseases

Background and Aim: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is characterized by pain sensation in the tongue and oral mucosa.It has no clinical or laboratory manifestations in early stages.The present study aimed to investigate the relationship of BMS with psychiatric diseases and the associated factors.Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 239 psychiatric patients referred to Shafa Hospital in Rasht, Iran.After recording the demographic information and medical history, mouth dryness and burning severity were assessed by the FOX questionnaire and a visual analogue scale (VAS), respectively.Data were analyzed by the Chi-square test, independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney test using SPSS version 22.Results: According to the results, 13.8% of the participants (psychiatric patients) were suffering from BMS, and of all the investigated factors, wearing a denture was the only factor with a statistically significant association with BMS (P=0.044),such that a higher percentage of patients with dentures had BMS.Other factors had no significant relationship with BMS (P>0.05). Conclusion:The results showed that BMS had a significant relationship with wearing a denture, which highlights the necessity of further attention to denture hygiene in BMS patients with psychiatric disorders.Moreover, psychiatric patients in this study showed a higher incidence of BMS.It appears that timely diagnosis and appropriate psychiatric treatment can be effective in better controlling the BMS.