Tendência da taxa de mortalidade por sepse em Minas Gerais entre 2010 e 2023: um estudo ecológico

Sepsis is a critical condition with high mortality, responsible for approximately 11 million deaths annually worldwide and 20% of deaths in Brazil. Between 2010 and 2019, Brazil recorded over 1 million cases and around 463,000 deaths due to sepsis, with the highest mortality in the Southeast region. This ecological study analyzed the age-standardized mortality rate for sepsis in Minas Gerais from 2010 to 2023, using data from the Mortality Information System (SIM) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Prais-Winsten linear regression was applied to identify trends, and the correlation between the age-standardized mortality rate for sepsis (TPMS) and the Social Development Index (SDI) was investigated. Results showed a significant increase in sepsis mortality, with the rate rising from 9.16 in 2010 to 17.98 in 2023, reflecting an Annual Percentage Variation (APV) of 12.86%. The analysis revealed a growing trend with an R² of 0.9600. The positive correlation between TPMS and SDI indicates that regions with higher social development may have higher mortality rates due to better diagnostic capabilities, rather than worse health conditions. The study highlights the urgent need for targeted interventions, such as awareness programs and improvements in sepsis management. Public health strategies focused on prevention, early diagnosis, and effective treatment are essential to mitigate the impact of sepsis and improve clinical outcomes in the region.