Comparação entre abordagens cirúrgicas para reparo de hérnia abdominal

This systematic review aims to compare open, laparoscopic, and robotic surgical techniques for abdominal hernia repair, evaluating their efficacy, benefits, and drawbacks. A comprehensive search of PubMed and ScienceDirect was conducted using terms related to "abdominal hernia repair" and "surgical techniques". The review included studies published from 2020 to 2024, focusing on randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews. The analysis revealed that laparoscopic and robotic repairs generally offer reduced recovery times, less postoperative pain, and lower complication rates compared to open surgery. However, robotic repairs, while offering precision and ergonomic advantages, come with higher costs and longer setup times. Open repairs, though associated with higher complication rates and longer recovery periods, are still preferred in certain complex cases due to their straightforward execution. This review highlights that laparoscopic and robotic techniques present notable advantages over traditional open surgery, particularly in terms of postoperative outcomes and patient recovery. The findings support the use of minimally invasive approaches where feasible but also underscore the importance of considering individual patient circumstances and the complexity of the hernia when selecting the most appropriate surgical technique.