Frequency of Placenta Previa among Women with Previous Cesarean-Section

Placenta Previa was defined as when the placenta was attached to the lower uterine segment, poses significant risks, including antepartum hemorrhage and maternal mortality. The incidence was rising, attributed partly to increased cesarean sections and advanced maternal age. Objective: To determine the frequency of placenta Previa among women with previous cesarean-sections. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at a Teaching Hospital of Sialkot, from June to December 2021. The sample size was 147 pregnant females. These pregnant females have a history of cesarean section. The non-probability Consecutive sampling technique was used, and data were analyzed by using SPSS version 25.0. Results: Among those, 16.3% had placenta Previa, which increased significantly in women with >2 previous cesarean sections to 26.4% (p = 0.003). Regarding parity, the increase in the risk of placenta Previa was not significant: 12.8% for parity < 3 and 20.3% for parity ≥ 3 (p = 0.087). However, in the stratified analysis by BMI, this became significant: 11.0% for normal-weight, 18.6% for overweight, and 66.7% for obese women (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference concerning age groups, p = 0.177. Such findings of the significant associations of placenta Previa with such factors as BMI and number of cesarean sections indicate that great attention to monitoring should be paid. Conclusion: Hence concluded that previous cesarean sections strongly correlate with placenta previa in subsequent pregnancies. Such findings underscore the need for rigorous monitoring and proactive measures, especially in cases of multiple cesarean deliveries, in the management of associated complications.