Tracking perishable foods in the supply chain using chain of things technology

Modern food supply chains are intrinsically sophisticated due to their multi-participant and multi-echelon structure, which are challenging to handle high turbulent business environment. The development of Perishable Food Supply Chains (PFSC) has to be strong enough to manage any type of disruptions in the food industry. At the same time, the food processing industry must also take responsibility for the social and environmental consequences of their deeds. This has further led to performance deterioration and intensified design complexity. Recently, digitalization and Blockchain technology (BCT) have brought unfathomed rebellions in PFSC. Despite the potential and market hype, the application of BCT to track the perishable products and status of in-transit shipments is still a challengingtask for the food industry due to privacy and security issues, restricted transactional and scalability performance, deficiency of industry standards and managerial abilities, etc. However, integrating the BCT with the eventual benefits of the Internet of Things (IoT) (i.e., Chain of Things (CoT)) increases the performance of good traceability in any supply chain. The proposed CoT-based Track and Trace system (CoT-TTS) employs a set of IoT devices, BCT, and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The performance of CoT-TTS is evaluated through a case study using an EOSIO platform. The effectiveness of the proposed system is evaluated in terms of depth, breadth, access, and precision of the transactions.