P028 GLOBAL, REGIONAL, AND NATIONAL BURDEN OF HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE ATTRIBUTABLE TO HIGH SODIUM INTAKE FROM 1990 TO 2021

Background: High sodium intake is associated with increased blood pressure. Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) is a structural and functional alteration of the left ventricle caused by long-term high blood pressure, which is closely related to many adverse events. We aimed to assess the level and trend of the burden of HHD associated with high sodium intake based on the latest global burden of disease (GBD) study from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Data were obtained from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021. We estimated HHD-related deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs), and age-standardized DALYs rates (ASDRs) attributable to high sodium intake, stratified by age, sex, socio-demographic index (SDI), region, and country. We also calculated estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) to assess temporal trends in ASMR and ASDR for HHD attributable to high sodium intake from 1990 to 2021. Results: In 2021, the number of HHD deaths and DALYs attributable to high sodium intake was 303,967 (95% CI: 641,085 to 63,832) and 596,048 (95% CI: 1230,061 to 150,532), respectively. Deaths and DALYs showed an overall downward trend globally with an EAPC of -1.46 (95% CI: -1.68 to -1.23 and -1.77 (95% CI: -1.99 to -1.55), respectively. However, ASDR and ASMR increased in high SDI regions, with EAPC of 0.77 (95% CI: 0.48 to 1.07) and 1.12 (95% CI:0.84 to 1.4), respectively. Central Europe exhibited the highest rates of HHD deaths and DALYs. The burden of hypertensive heart disease due to high sodium intake was highest in people over 65 years in 2021 and was higher in women than in men. Conclusion: Our research findings indicate that high sodium intake leads to a significant burden of HHD, with notable gender and geographic disparities. To address this pressing global health issue, it is essential to improve HHD prevention and sodium intake management strategies, particularly for populations in high SDI regions, the elderly, and women.