The Paradox of Driving-Related Distraction: Driver Monitoring Systems Trigger Warnings During Overtaking Maneuvers

Driver Monitoring Systems (DMS) detect visual distraction and alert drivers to maintain focus on the road. The European New Car Assessment Programme developed an algorithm that triggers warnings upon detecting distraction. Previous research showed that off-road glances during lane changes triggered warnings and drivers had difficulties understanding why these warnings occurred. Therefore, a simulator study was conducted in which drivers performed an overtaking maneuver in dense traffic. The DMS was either inactive and did not generate any warnings, or it was active and triggered warnings with or without being instructed beforehand. Results revealed that in 50 % of the overtaking maneuvers driving-related distraction was recorded. There was a significant difference between whether the DMS was inactive, active or instructed with regards to warnings. It was observed that side mirror glances, prior to overtaking, paradoxically prompted warnings. Findings indicated the necessity to refine DMS algorithms to discern safety-relevant behaviors from genuine distractions.