Comparative analysis and optimization of path loss models for small cell wireless communication systems

Nowadays, a precise assessment of path loss is essential to the efficient design and function-ing of wireless communication networks. This research explores path loss evaluation andcomparison using models designed for urban-micro scenarios. The article also looks intohow these path loss models might be optimized using a genetic algorithm to more accur-ately simulate actual propagation paths. Analytic path loss measurements are determined bythorough analysis to closely match optimal values for every model, and error statistics areused to evaluate model performance in a comprehensive manner. The root mean squareerror of the study reveals that the 5th Generation Channel Model (5GCM) open square dem-onstrates the most favorable performance, exhibiting the lowest mean square error of2.33 dB and standard deviation of 2.33 dB values. Operators of 5 G small cell networks havethe opportunity to greatly improve service quality by utilizing this optimization technique,especially at millimeter wave frequencies. Such developments have the potential to com-pletely transform the user experience in urban micro-environments in addition to optimizingwireless communication infrastructure.