Sand flow model based on the MPH-I method for reaching the static state

Numerical simulation model for sand flow was developed based on the MPH-I (Moving Particle Hydrodynamics for Incompressible flows) method, which is one of the particle methods for continuum mechanics. The HBP (Herschel-Bulkley Papanastasiou) model in combination with the Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion was introduced in the MPH-I framework, and fundamental calculation tests were conducted. In the dam break calculation, the static state could be obtained after the flow stopped. The shape was independent of the piled-up height in the column and was compared to the experiment. In addition, the angle of repose obtained from the calculation was consistent to the internal frication angle given as an input. This implies that the current model can well express the static state of sand after the flow stoppage in a dense regime.