Antitumor Effect of Oleoyl-siRNA against Pancreatic Cancer Using a Portal Vein Infusion Liver-Metastatic Mouse Model

In this study, we developed an oleoyl-siRNA conjugate in which oleic acid was conjugated at the 5'-end of the sense strand of the siRNA. Furthermore, we examined the effects of RNAi in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer with liver metastasis. The mouse model of pancreatic cancer with liver metastasis was developed by implanting Sui67Luc human pancreatic cancer cells into the portal veins of mice. Sui67Luc cells have high expression of tumor-related genes such as β<i>-catenin</i>, <i>vascular endothelial growth factor</i>, and <i>programmed cell death ligand-1</i>. All genes were knocked down using siRNA, among which siRNA targeting β<i>-catenin</i> exhibited the most suitable RNAi effect. Therefore, we investigated the <i>in vitro</i> RNAi effect of oleoyl-siRNA (Ole-siRNA) targeting the β<i>-catenin</i> gene in Sui67Luc cells and found that it was stronger than that of unmodified siRNA. For <i>in vivo</i> experiments, we investigated the biodistribution, antitumor effect, and change in life expectancy of mice upon systemic administration of Ole-siRNA complexed with Invivofectamine 3.0 (IVF). In terms of biodistribution, the Ole-siRNA/IVF complex likely accumulates in the liver of mice. The antitumor effect of Ole-siRNA in a portal vein infusion liver-metastatic Sui67Luc tumor mouse model was evaluated using an <i>in vivo</i> imaging system. Ole-siRNA had a significant antitumor effect compared with nonmodified siRNA. In addition, mice with metastatic liver Sui67Luc tumors treated with Ole-siRNA showed increased survival. These results suggest that Ole-siRNAs are useful novel RNAi molecules for treating pancreatic cancer and liver metastasis.