Interdependence of Support Wettability ‐ Electrodeposition Rate‐ Sodium Metal Anode and SEI Microstructure
This study examines how current collector support chemistry (sodiophilic intermetallic Na<sub>2</sub>Te vs. sodiophobic baseline Cu) and electrodeposition rate affect microstructure of sodium metal and its solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Capacity and current (6 mAh cm<sup>-2</sup>, 0.5-3 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>) representative of commercially relevant mass loading in anode-free sodium metal battery (AF-SMBs) are analyzed. Synchrotron X-ray nanotomography and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) are combined with cryogenic ion beam (cryo-FIB) microscopy. Highlighted are major differences in film morphology, internal porosity, and crystallographic preferred orientation e.g. (110) vs. (100) and (211) with support and deposition rate. Within the SEI, sodium fluoride (NaF) is more prevalent with Te-Cu versus sodium hydride (NaH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with baseline Cu. Due to competitive grain growth the preferred orientation of sodium crystallites depends on film thickness. Mesoscale modeling delineates the role of SEI (ionic conductivity, morphology) on electrodeposit growth and onset of electrochemical instability.
Authors
- Feipeng Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5470-3241)
- Lu Ma (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9646-0738)
- Bairav S. Vishnugopi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6357-9358)
- Callum J. Campbell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0501-5020)
- Jianming Bai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0575-2987)
- Ruipeng Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8176-3138)
- Varun R. Kankanallu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0954-5803)
- Kaustubh G. Naik
- Partha P. Mukherjee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7900-7261)
- Mingyuan Ge (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5682-7443)
- Vikalp Raj (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5873-5446)
- Aditya Singla (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4229-605X)
- Dean Yen
- John Watt (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-9837)
- David Mitlin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7556-3575)
- Xiaoyin Zheng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8358-1450)
- Chonghang Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3538-6199)
- Yu-chen Karen Chen-Wiegart
- Yixian Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6107-8352)
- Chang‐An Lo
Institutions
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (US)
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (US)
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies (US)
- National Synchrotron Light Source II
- Stony Brook University (US)
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Published
- 2024-09-15
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202412550
- Citations
- 3
- Primary Topic
- Advancements in Battery Materials
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.63
Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Welch Foundation
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies
- Office of Science
- National Nuclear Security Administration
- Basic Energy Sciences
- Brookhaven National Laboratory
- Los Alamos National Laboratory