Complications of Untreated Advanced HIV/AIDS With Kaposi Sarcoma in a Young African American Male: A Case Report

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) represents a neoplastic proliferation primarily affecting endothelial cells, characterized by the development of cutaneous lesions. However, its pathogenesis can extend beyond the skin, involving internal organs, lymph nodes, and mucous membranes. KS is associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) and is often prevalent in immunocompromised patients, especially those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and/or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We present a case of a 29-year-old African American male who came into the emergency department (ED) with overall discomfort and a boil on his buttock, which was later found to be symptoms of KS in the context of progressed HIV infection. This case report highlights the complications that arise when HIV/AIDS is left untreated and subsequently leads to the development of KS. Early recognition and appropriate interventions are crucial in optimizing outcomes and guiding future care decisions.