A Case of Pylephlebitis Without Intra-abdominal Infection Secondary to Pneumonia Caused by Hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae

Pylephlebitis is an infective, suppurative thrombosis of the portal vein that is often a complication of intra-abdominal infections. Herein, we report a rare case of hypermucoviscous <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> pneumonia complicated by pylephlebitis. The patient was administered antibiotics and anticoagulants. His pneumonia improved; however, the thrombus in the portal vein did not shrink, and the patient ultimately died of liver failure. Furthermore, hypermucoviscous <i>K. pneumoniae</i> is involved in the formation of portal vein thrombosis, and if bacteremia persists even after pneumonia has improved, investigating possible complications, including portal vein inflammation, is necessary.