Advances in the Study of Patient Self-inflicted Lung Injury

Patient self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI) is caused by excessive expansion of the lungs caused by excessive spontaneous breathing and the shear force caused by repeated alveolar atrophy and re-dilation in the gravity-dependent area. There are some benefits of keeping spontaneous breathing in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: 1. Reduce the need for sedation; 2. Exercise diaphragm function; 3. Improve the cardiopulmonary function of the patient. However, if the respiratory drive is too high, even with ventilator support, the patient will develop self-induced lung injury. In this review, the current pathophysiology of P-SILI and the indicators of monitoring respiratory drive and measures to reduce respiratory drive are systematically reviewed.