Chemical and pharmacological studies of cornus officinalis

This article reviews the chemical components and pharmacological effects of Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc., a traditional Chinese medicinal herb that contains a variety of active ingredients, including iridoid glycosides, flavonoids, organic acids, and tannins. These components endow Cornus officinalis with multiple pharmacological actions, such as neuroprotection, anti-diabetes and its complications, cardioprotection, anti-tumor, and antioxidant effects. In particular, the paper discusses the impact of Cornus officinalis iridoid glycosides on learning and memory ability after cerebral ischemia, as well as their potential mechanisms in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Additionally, the application of Cornus officinalis methanol extract in promoting melanin synthesis and its anti-inflammatory, anti-fatigue, antibacterial, anti-osteoporotic, and hepato- and reno-protective effects are also discussed. Although progress has been made in existing research, the specific roles and mechanisms of some newly discovered compounds in Cornus officinalis still require further investigation. This paper aims to provide a reference for in-depth research and clinical application of Cornus officinalis.