Improving Area-Controlled Error and Frequency Stability for Electric Vehicle Charging System

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are gaining momentum due to several factors, including the price reduction as well as the climate and environmental awareness. This paper reviews the advances ofEVs regarding battery technology trends, charging methods, as well as new research challenges and open opportunities. More specifically, an analysis of the worldwide market situation of EVs and their future prospects is carried out. One of the fundamental aspects in EVs is the battery, the paper presents a thorough review of the battery technologies—from the Lead-acid batteries to theLithium-ion. Moreover, we review the different standards that are available for EVs charging process, as well as the power control and battery energy management proposals. Finally, we conclude our work by presenting our vision about what is expected in the near future within this field, as well asthe research aspects that are still open for both industry and academic communities. Keywords: Electric Vehicles; Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle; battery charging; batteries technology; charging modes; EV plugs.