[Regulation of targeted blocking cannabinoid receptor 1 on spleen immune function and inflammatory response in mice under chronic intermittent hypoxia].

<b>Objective:</b> To observe the effects of targeting and blocking cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) on mouse spleen immune function and inflammatory response under chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) conditions, and to explore its regulatory effort. <b>Methods:</b> Forty SPF male C57BL/6 mice aged 4 to 5 weeks,from May 2021 to August 2021 in Experimental Animal Center of the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, were randomly divided into normal oxygen control group (NC), 6-week CIH group (6w CIH), 10-week CIH group (10w CIH), 6-week CIH+CB1R group (6w CIH+AM251) and 10-week CIH+CB1R group (10w CIH+AM251) according to the method of random number table. The advanced programmable intermittent low oxygen chamber was used to prepare the CIH mouse model. The morphological structure of spleen tissue of CIH mice was stained by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression levels of M1 and M2 macrophage surface markers CD86, CD206 were determined by immunofluorescence. The mRNA expression levels of CB1R, CD86, CD206 and the relative expression levels of RORγt and Foxp3,which are characteristic transcriptional regulators of T helper 17(Th17) and Treg cells were detected by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR(qRT-PCR). The expression of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-10 was determined by ELISA. SPSS 26.0 and Graphpad prism 8.3 were used to analyze the data. <b>Results:</b> (1) Compared with NC group, spleen tissue structure was disordered, fibrous tissue hyperplasia, lymphocyte proliferation and disordered arrangement in periarteriole lymphatic sheath in CIH group. The expression of CB1R in CIH group was higher than that in NC group (<i>P</i><0.05), and with the prolongation of CIH time, the expression of 10w CIH group was higher than that in 6w CIH group(<i>P</i><0.05). The expression of CB1R in CIH+AM251 group was lower than that in the corresponding CIH group(all <i>P</i><0.05). (2) Compared with NC group, the expression level of CD86 in macrophages in CIH group was higher than that in NC group(all <i>P</i><0.05). The relative expression of RORγt in 6w and 10w CIH groups was 0.76±0.03 and 0.91±0.04, respectively, which was higher than that in NC group (0.65±0.06)(all <i>P</i><0.05). The relative expression levels of inflammatory factor IL-6 were 10.80±1.73 and 14.86±0.01, respectively, which were higher than 6.69±0.23 in the NC group (all <i>P</i><0.05). The expression level of CD206 in macrophages in the CIH+AM251 group was higher than that in the CIH group(all <i>P</i><0.05). The relative expression levels of Foxp3 in 6w and 10w CIH+AM251 groups were 0.62±0.05 and 0.32±0.21, respectively, which were higher than those in 6w CIH group (0.28±0.02) and 10w CIH group (0.02±0.01)(<i>P</i><0.05). The relative expression levels of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 were 668.45±15.71 and 379.15±56.84, respectively, which were higher than those in CIH group (all <i>P</i><0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> Targeted sealing of CB1R may alleviate inflammatory response of mouse spleen under CIH conditions by regulating macrophage polarization and the expression of inflammatory factors, and may have some protective effect.