Low public awareness opens up new opportunities for highlighting milk as an iodine dietary source
This international survey provides insights into public awareness of the importance of iodine as an essential trace mineral in human health along with knowledge of iodine dietary sources. The online questionnaire included sociodemographic aspects and dietary iodine consumer awareness on 7-point Likert-type questions. A total of 4,704 questionnaires from 16 countries were considered. Answers were analyzed through a multiple regression linear model including country, gender, age, education level, and employment status as fixed effects. Respondents were moderately aware of the importance of fish (4.86) and seafood (4.90) as dietary iodine sources, but less aware of milk as a primary iodine source (3.32). Respondent awareness varied considerably across countries. Age, education level, and employment status only modified their perception when asked about fish and seafood as a source of iodine, with elderly respondents, those highly educated and of working age being more aware of their relevance as dietary iodine sources. Respondent knowledge did not vary by age, education level, employment status, or gender when asked about cereals, vegetables and fruits, meat, and milk as iodine-rich food sources. Consequently, labeling milk and dairy products as an iodine-rich food source should be considered. Public authorities can consider the results from this survey in promotional campaigns to improve the awareness of different iodine sources and their beneficial effect on health.
Authors
- Maristela Rovai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9201-1505)
- Garegin Hambardzumyan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1942-7819)
- Francesc Borrisser-Pairó (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9196-394X)
- Nicolas Lopez-Villalobos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6611-907X)
- Eleni Tsiplakou (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-8966)
- Caterina Mian (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-8001)
- Antonio Masi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0536-5984)
- Massimo De Marchi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7814-2525)
- Birgit Fuerst‐Waltl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4336-5830)
- Adriano G. Cruz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9285-9669)
- Carmen L. Manuelian (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0090-0362)
- Madeline Koczura (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5050-6585)
- Joël Bérard (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-632X)
- Simona Censi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6946-9673)
- D.P. Berry (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4349-1447)
- Sandra González-Luna (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-9463)
- Elena Albanell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6158-7736)
- Luciana da Costa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9514-4047)
- Randeep Rakwal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0559-8577)
- Giovanni Niero (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6169-1162)
- Lina Maria Trujillo Rojas
- Santiago Guaman Rivera
Institutions
- Agricultural University of Athens (GR)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (AT)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority (IE)
- South Dakota State University (US)
- Armenian National Agrarian University (AM)
- Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro (BR)
- Universidad de Cuautitlán Izcalli (MX)
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (ES)
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Chimborazo (EC)
- Agroscope (CH)
- Massey University (NZ)
- The Ohio State University (US)
- University of Pamplona (CO)
- BOKU University (AT)
- Tsukuba International University (JP)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Dairy Science
- Published
- 2024-09-17
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-25030
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.36