[The impact of diabetes on bronchiectasis].

<b>Objective:</b> To study the impact of diabetes on bronchiectasis. <b>Methods:</b> From January 1 2017 to December 31 2021, data of 1 310 inpatients with bronchiectasis were retrospectively collected from Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University. This cohort inclueded 78 patients with bronchiectasis and diabetes (bronchiectasis-diabetes group) and 1 232 patients of bronchiectasis without diabetes (simple bronchiectasis group). To mitigate confounding variables, 269 patients with bronchiectasis but without diabetes (bronchiectasis non-diabetes group) were matched with 78 patients of bronchiectasis with diabetes (bronchiectasis-diabetes group) using the propensity score method in a 1∶4 ratio. A comparative analysis of clinical characteristics, laboratory test results, pathogenic infections, and disease severity was performed between the two groups. Analysis of continuous variables was performed using either a <i>t</i>-test or non-parametric test, while categorical data was assessed using the chi-square test. <b>Results:</b> The mean age of individuals in the bronchiectasis-diabetes group (62.99±8.09 years) was significantly higher than that of subjects in the simple bronchiectasis group (57.05±13.07 years) (<i>t</i>=-6.012, <i>P</i><0.001). After propensity score matching, the pre-albumin level in the bronchiectasis-diabetes group (188.44±71.65 g/L) was found to be lower than in the bronchiectasis non-diabetes group (208.17±62.50 g/L) (<i>t</i>=2.023, <i>P</i>=0.044). In addition, the hospitalization cost for the bronchiectasis-diabetes group [1.59 (1.34, 2.15) Ten thousand yuan] was higher than that in the bronchiectasis non-diabetes group [1.39 (1.23, 1.62) Ten thousand yuan] (<i>U</i>=-3.744, <i>P</i><0.001).The severity of mMRC in the bronchiectasis-diabetes group was significantly higher than that in the bronchiectasis non-diabetes group (<i>χ</i>²=25.392, <i>P</i><0.001), and the frequency of previous hospitalization due to aggravation and acute exacerbation within the previous year were higher than in bronchiectasis non-diabetes group (<i>χ</i>²=34.031, 40.841, respectively, <i>P</i><0.001). In additional, the BSI score was significantly increased in patients with bronchiectasis-diabetes compared to those with bronchiectasis non-diabetes (8.07±4.07 <i>vs.</i> 10.44±3.82) (<i>P</i><0.001). Furthermore, fasting blood glucose concentration, urine glucose level, and BSI score exhibited positive correlations, whereas pre-albumin concentration showed a negative correlation with the BSI score (all <i>P</i><0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> Compared to those without diabetes, patients of bronchiectasis with diabetes have poorer nutritional status, more severe symptoms, increased risk of acute exacerbation, higher BSI score severity, and greater financial burden.