Analysis of genomic and characterization features of Luteolibacter soli sp. nov., isolated from soil

The strain designated as Y139^T is a novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, and non-motile bacterium, was isolated from a soil sample in McClain County, Oklahoma, United States. The cells of strain Y139^T were a rod-shaped, with the width of 0.4-0.7 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>μm</mml:mi></mml:math> and the length of 1.5-2.0 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>μm</mml:mi></mml:math> . Growth occurred at 20-37°C (optimum, 30°C), pH 5.5-9.5 (optimum, pH 7.0), and 0-1.0% NaCl (w/v) (optimum, 0%). The polar lipid profiles included phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, and an unidentified lipid. The major fatty acids included C_16:0, iso-C_14:0, and C_16:1 <i>ω</i>9<i>c</i>. Menaquinone-9 (MK-9) was recognized as the only respiratory quinone. Strain Y139^T showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to <i>Luteolibacter flavescens</i> MCCC 1K03193^T (98.3%). Phylogenetic analysis positioned it within the genus <i>Luteolibacter</i>. The draft genome of strain Y139^T consisted of 7,106,054 bp, and contained 5,715 open reading frames (ORFs), including 5,656 coding sequences (CDSs) and 59 RNA genes. The genomic DNA G + C content was found to be 62.5%. Comparing strain Y139^T with <i>L. flavescens</i> MCCC 1K03193^T and <i>Luteolibacter arcticus</i> CCTCC AB 2014275^T, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) values were 80.6 and 82.1%, respectively. Following phylogenetic, physiological, biochemical, and chemotaxonomic analyses, a novel species within the genus <i>Luteolibacter</i>, designated as <i>Luteolibacter soli</i> sp. nov., was proposed for strain Y139^T, which was also assigned as the type strain (=KCTC 92644^T = MCCC 1H01451^T). Further analysis of core genes across 9 <i>Luteolibacter</i> species uncovered significant genomic divergence, particularly in those related to cofactor, vitamin, and energy metabolism. Analysis of biogeographic distribution suggested that lake and soil were the main habitats for the genus <i>Luteolibacter</i>. Additionally, the genus <i>Luteolibacter</i> was sensitive to climate warming and precipitation.