Cytological Screening of Inflammatory Cells in Breast Fluid among Lactating Women in Shendi Town, Sudan

Background: Mastitis is one of the most frequent issues observed in female lactating patients, and it is mammary gland inflammation, which is characterized by milk stasis in glandular tissue. The primary risk factor for bitches suffering from mastitis is an elevated percentage of mortality in the offspring. Breast milk screening at an early stage can help identify inflammatory cells in mothers early on. All healthcare practitioners gain knowledge and awareness from the findings. Aim: To cytologically screen inflammatory cells in breast milk. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shendi town using one hundred samples of women's breast milk. (50 milk smears, 50 postpartum milk) have been collected and screened cytologically. Stained by pap stain. Results: Following cytology screening of breast milk, 26/50 (52%) of the women were found to be noncell secretors and 24/50 (48%) to be cell secretors. Among the cells that appeared in the secreting group were a few epithelial cells and immune cells. In postpartum milk, all 50/50 (100%) of the women were found to be cell secretors, with the high secretion of immune cells 50/50 (100%), The study group's cell secretion and breast fluid type have a significant correlation (P. value = 0.000), but the study group's age group and cytological diagnosis have an insignificant correlation (P. value = 0.064), the study group's risk factors and diagnosis have a significant correlation (P. value = 0.003), and the study group's fluid type and immune cell have a significant correlation (P. value = 0.000). Conclusion: In the present study, salient findings Cytology of the breast is a simple, safe, rapid test that is acceptable to patients and shows the ability to detect inflammatory cells and immune cells from asymptomatic volunteers. Practiced anatomic pathologists and pathology trainees will find the information provided here useful in gaining a better understanding of particular morphologic features and overcoming differential diagnosis difficulties associated with pathology reporting of inflammatory lesions of the breast.